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平面研磨機鏡面加工技術

　　對(dui)于(yu)研磨機來說，主要是(shi)在(zai)維持(chi)研磨所取得良(liang)好的平面(mian)(mian)(mian)度前提下，去除(chu)工件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)微小(xiao)的凸起和表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)損傷層(ceng)，以(yi)獲(huo)得鏡面(mian)(mian)(mian)光度。所以(yi)要求均與、無方向性地拋光整個工件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)。反映在(zai)速(su)度上，就(jiu)是(shi)工件(jian)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)(mian)上每一點(dian)的相對(dui)速(su)度大小(xiao)應在(zai)任何時候都保持(chi)恒定。

　　平面(mian)(mian)研磨機(ji)鏡(jing)面(mian)(mian)加工(gong)技術(shu)是一門新(xin)(xin)興的綜(zong)合性(xing)加工(gong)技術(shu)，它集(ji)成(cheng)(cheng)了現代機(ji)械、光學(xue)、電子計算機(ji)、測量(liang)及材料等(deng)先(xian)進(jin)技術(shu)成(cheng)(cheng)就，已成(cheng)(cheng)為國家科(ke)學(xue)技術(shu)發展水平的重要(yao)標志。隨著各種(zhong)新(xin)(xin)型功(gong)能(neng)(neng)陶瓷材料的不斷研制成(cheng)(cheng)功(gong)，以及這些材料在各種(zhong)高(gao)(gao)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)電子元器件(jian)、光學(xue)、信息系(xi)統等(deng)領域(yu)的廣(guang)泛應用(yong)，要(yao)求元件(jian)和零件(jian)的加工(gong)精(jing)度越來越高(gao)(gao)，有的甚至要(yao)求達到納(na)米級或更高(gao)(gao)的加工(gong)精(jing)度以及無損傷(shang)的表(biao)面(mian)(mian)加工(gong)質量(liang)。

　　工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)是不(bu)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)剛(gang)體，拋(pao)光(guang)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)是能(neng)(neng)按工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)面(mian)(mian)形(xing)狀(zhuang)變(bian)形(xing)的(de)(de)(de)彈性(xing)體。這時(shi)可以忽略(lve)介于兩者(zhe)之間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)磨粒與加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)液(ye)的(de)(de)(de)厚度和形(xing)狀(zhuang)變(bian)化，認為工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)與拋(pao)光(guang)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)間(jian)貼緊;當(dang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)尺寸大(da)于拋(pao)光(guang)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)半徑，或(huo)偏心距(ju)過(guo)(guo)大(da)時(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)會(hui)露出拋(pao)光(guang)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)，既有一(yi)部分表面(mian)(mian)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)與拋(pao)光(guang)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)(pan)始終接觸(chu);當(dang)研磨或(huo)拋(pao)光(guang)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)材料(liao)平行度誤差(cha)超出允許范圍(wei)時(shi)就需要對其(qi)平行度進(jin)行修(xiu)正。 在(zai)平面(mian)(mian)拋(pao)光(guang)機的(de)(de)(de)鏡面(mian)(mian)拋(pao)光(guang)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序中(zhong)，可以認為工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)去除量(liang)主要是由(you)磨削(xue)路(lu)徑的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)度決定的(de)(de)(de)，因此直接控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)表面(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)磨削(xue)路(lu)徑長(chang)度能(neng)(neng)夠更加(jia)精確控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)件(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)去除量(liang)。